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Hello everyone!

I'd like to share an infographic summarizing the key recommendations from the new American Thoracic Society (ATS) Clinical Practice Guideline, published in late June 2026, on the use of Noninvasive Respiratory Support (NIRS) in adults with acute respiratory failure.

This guideline compiles the latest evidence and provides practical recommendations for the use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC), Noninvasive Ventilation (NIV), and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) across a variety of clinical scenarios, including acute hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure, preoxygenation before endotracheal intubation, and post-extubation respiratory support in critically ill patients.

Beyond the recommendations themselves, the guideline highlights essential principles for clinical practice, such as early initiation of therapy, close monitoring of treatment response, and timely escalation to invasive mechanical ventilation when noninvasive support fails.

The infographic below provides a concise overview of the main recommendations. However, I strongly encourage everyone to read the complete guideline, which offers a detailed discussion of the quality of evidence, the rationale behind each recommendation, and the key priorities for future research.

📖 Enjoy the reading!

🔗Noninvasive Respiratory Support for Adult Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline